Automatic firearm



No. s|s,2so. Patented Dec. 20, I898.

s. ROTH. 1 AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

(Application filed July 15, 1897.)

5 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

Patented Dec. 20, I898.

- a. ROTH.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

(Application filed July 15, 1897.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(Nu Modei.)

Ema/2Z0] y .4

N0. 6!,6,260. Pafented Dec. 20, I898.

I a. ROTH.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

(Application filed July 15, 1897.)

(No Model.) 5 Shuts-Sheet 3.

No. 616,260. Patented Dec. 20, I898.

' e. ROTH. I

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

(Application filed Jul 15, 1897.)

(No Model.) V 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIlIIII/{I/IIIIIIIIIIII 1 Y I, I 2% Patented Dec. 20. I898.

G. ROTH.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

(Application filed July 15, 1897.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

\No Model.)

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/IIIII/ I h v x a .rwa a '11 II/IIIIIIII'IIIIII/IIII To all whom it may concern:

- UNITED STATES PATENT, ,OFFICE.

'AuToMAT c FIREARM SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 616,260, dated December 20, 1898. I Application filed-T1113 I5, 1897. Serial No. 844,652. (No model.)

, Be it knownthat I, GEORGES ROTH, a citizen of- Austria, residing at Vienna,-Austria- Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Firearms, (for which Ihave obtained patents inAustri-a, dated January 24, 1896, No. 46,296;- in IIungary,dated-January 29,1896, No. 5,308 in Ger- -many,'dated November 19, 1'895, N0. 91,313; in France, dated November 19, 1895, No; 251,848; in Belgiumflat'ed November 19, 1895,

' No. 118,443; in'England,.dated,November19,

1895, No. 22,018; in Italyjdated January 3, 1896, R. G., .Vol. XXX, No. 40,266,,fi.'-A.,Vol. LXX-IX, No. in Switzerland, dated Nov.

it, 1895, No. 11,334f'and'i'n. s am, dated April 1896. No.2,1s5,' '0 which the ing' is a specification.

This invention relates to the construction of aniautomatic quick-firing magazine=gun,' in which the recoil, after firing, movesback the barrel, the receiver, and the breech-bplt. simultaneously in their closed position to a distance exceeding the length of a cartridge, in which positionthey are held bya stop-lug actuated by the trigger and by a stop-piece Jabutting against the hammer as long as the j trigger is held -back', This retentidn of they receiver and the breech-bolt occurs under all circumstances, even when the trigger is released as quickly as possible after-firing, because the finger holding the trigger cannot ,be moved with the same velocity as the parts are moved by the recoil, the result being that the discharge of the gases is always forward and not rearward, whereby the fouling of the receiver and the breech-bolt is prevented and the firearm always remains clean andready for firing evenatter a great number of shots. When the trigger is released, the receiver and the breech-bolt are separately pushed forward in such a manner as that the barrel and; receiver, operated'by a spring, are first .brought'forward, and when they are nearly a side elevation of my improved firearm,the

pected from each other. tudinal section of a modification of the .cover of the frame being removed, the barrel,

the receiver,and breech-bolt being in their forward position, and'the magazine being omitted. Fig. 2 is a vertical-longitudinal section of the gun, the mag'azinebeing removed. Fig. 3 is a partial horizontal section, the barrel, reeeiver, and breech-bolt being in their rearward position. Fig. 3 represents a vertical longitudinal sectipn, the barrel and the receiver-being in their forward position. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section. Figs. 4, and 6 represent in side view, longitudinal section, and plan view, respectively, the stop-lug actuated by the trigger with its operative lever; Fig. 7 is amend view, and Fig; 8 a vertical cross-section, of the same. 0 Fig. 9 is a plan view of the lever which carries the stop-lug. Figs. 9, 9", and 9 show detail side views of the lock mechanism consisting of the trigger,

hammer,and theregulator, Fig. 9*indicates tion and the trigger and the regulator discon- Fig. 10 is a longibreech-lock and stop mechanism in a closed position and in that position in which the hammer is released at the moment of firing.

Fig. 11 represents a similar view to Fig. 10 after firing, but before the beginning of the rearward movement of'thc parts.

after the completed rearward movement of the breech-bolt, andFig. 13 represents the same parts when the receiver is stopped and the breech-bolt somewhat loosened. Fig. l-i illustrates the limitation of the movement of the hammer during the back movement of the breech-bolt. ""igs. 15 audio "represent the mainspring in elevation and under side view. Figs. 17,18, 19, and 21) show the pressure-thumb of the trigger in three different elevations and in cross-section, respectively. Figs. 2 1 and 22 are vertical longitudinal sections, taken at rightanglcs to each other, of

the breech-bolt, firing-pin, and ejector. Figs.

Fig. 19 represents the position of the several parts 2"- 21, 25, 26, and 27 a-rc dctail views of the abutment for limiting the backward-motion' and is constantly pressed forward by a spring b, hearing at one end against a fixed projection a of the frame a and at the other end against the barrel-cap b In the axial bore of the receiver a is the breech-bolt (Z, carrying a firing-pin d, with spring (1 and cartridge-extractor d. The said breech-bolt is continually subjectedto the forward pull of a draw-bar f, acted upon by-a spiral spring f sleeved on the-stationary guide-rod f, arranged in the frame av By the recoil due to the explosion on firing, the receiver 0, together with the barrel b and breech-bolt d, is thrown back as far asthe breech-bolt is drawn back in present guns to eject the exploded cart-ridge. A luge (shown in Figs. 23 to 27 in deta il is located on the exterior frame a at the rear of the breech end of the same and'is provided with an abutment or cheek e', that passes through a longitudinal groove 0 at one side of the receiver a, so that a lug d on the breech-bolt d, whichenters partly into the groove 0 can move with the breech-bolt d during the backward motion of the same until it moves against the abutment' or cheek e.

j the front'part of the The lug d of thebreechbolt d forms at the same time a connectingpiece between the receiver and breech-bolt d,

inasmuch as the lug d enters into a recess at groove 0 so as to be placed in front of a shoulder a on the receiver 0, so that by the action of the gases of combustion on the face of the breech-bolt d the latter-is moved backward, and the lug d is thereby pressed against the shoulder e, 'so as .to move the receiver along.

At the end of the simultaneous backward motions of the receiver 0 and the breech-bolt cl a wedge-shaped projectiong, located on the stop-spring g, attached back of the guide-rod f to the exterior frame a, snaps into a notch f of the draw-bar, said projection 9 thereby preventing the hreech-boltd from moving forward for asulficient time until the receiver c, which moves independently of ,the breechbolt din forward direction, has moved over the entire distance. "At the end of the forward movement of the receiver. the same presses by its underside against an inclined I projection g on the stop-spring g and moves the latter sidewisefar 6o enough so that the wedge-shaped projection g is moved cigar of a'notch f of the draw-bar f, whereby the latter is released, so that under the influence of its spring f it moves the breech-boltd forward and accomplishes the closing of the breech. As the backward movements of the breech parts take place together and at the same time while the forward movements of I said parts take place independently of each other, it is necessary that the above-mentioned connection between the receiver a and breech-bolt Z be broken. an inclined loopf, located on the draw-bar f, nected with thepin which is carriedout by the same,but during which motion the inclination of the loop f rotation, so that the projection (i is placed out of reach of the projection c; In this manner the connection of the receiver 0 and breechholt d is discontinued, and the former can move forward, while the projection 01 of the breech-bolt d is received in the longitudinal groove 0 of the receiver.

a groove (2 of the breech-bolt and serves as a guide for the breech-bolt d duringits forward movement.

By drawing back the trigger 2', pivoted at m of the stop-lug mechanism, which turns on a pin m, fixed to frame by a hook m on the rear end of the lever m with a projection c in the lower rear part of that position as long as a pull is exerted on the trigger '11. the stop-lug m m frame a and the lever m, and thereby releases the receiver 0, which is now thrown forward by the spring I).

The hammer h turns on a pivot-bolt h and is under the influence of the mainspringvr,

the; influence of the triggers. .The trigger is provided with a thumhz'fiwhioh turns one pin 'or bolt 71 on the inner end of.-.the trigger, said thumb acting on a tooth h of the hammer h, which tooth projects :from the lower and of the hammer. provided below its head with is arranged a pivoted tongue h, used as a setting device. or. pointed at its outer end that said end overlaps the the hammer, which flange. is located at the hack of the hammer and is madein the nature of a small hook, with which the hammerandis so located is used, by which loop the draw-bar is con-g d of the breech-boltdg At the end of the backward movement"the breech-bolt compels the breech-bolt d'tomake an axial- When the trigger i is released,

For this purpose by the finger, under bolt to have a certain longitudinal motion,

A pin a on the lower rear part of the receiverc projects into I loo 1 a projection '11? thereof actuates the lever 1 o'5 v a, and which engages 1 the receiver 0 when in backward position, and

thus keeps the latter, as also the barrel, in' no is moved back by a spring; m confined between the top part a of thewl ich-is located in the. frame a and is under no Thoto'ngue h'is made tapering g I3 catch-flange h of regulator It, that is pivoted to a frame a at a point below the hammer, en gages, so that the engagement of the hammer-regulator 7; into the hook-shapedportion of the flange It is prevented during the firin g.

My improved lock mechanism is operated as follows: It is assumedzt-hat the hammer has completed its 'motion and that the parts 71., i,- andk of the lock have assumed the position shown in Fig. 9. By the recoil the breech-bolt is moved in backward direction, while the inclined portion which is located.

at the lower side of the receiver 0, acts on the head of "the hammer and throws the hammer in backward direction. The flange 762 is thereby caused 'to pass the hammer-regulator7r, which is pressed against the hammer h by the spring k and is placed under therhook 7-D It must be observed in this connection that the hammeh.ean only. be moved back to such an extent that the hammer-regulator 7:

does not pass beyond the tongue h, as otherwise the entire throw of the hammer would take place, as'will be described hereinafter. After the breech-bolthas completed its backward motion the barrel 1) and receiver 0 are moved'forward, during which motion the shell of the cartridge is ejected. by the extractor d As soon as the barrel 1) and reeeiver c arrive at the end of their motion the breech bolt 01 follows and simultaneously moves a new cartridge into the barrel bl The firearm is now ready for the next shot and can be fired by pulling the trigger 1?, the parts of the lock then having the position shown in Fig. 9. During the pulling of the trigger the thumb-11 of the same presses against the tooth h of the hammer hand pushes the same in backward direction while impartinga tension to the spring 1". The hammer-regulator then passes over the tongue h, which has moved into position so as to overlap the flange 7L2. By the continued pull on the trigger 2' the thumb i is finally placed out of en gagment with the tooth 7L3 (see Fig. 9") and the hammer released, so that the parts h, i, and it again assume the positions shown in Fig. 9.; The tongue 72. thereby prevents the engagement of the hammer-regulator It with the flange 7F, and thereby facilitates the release of the hammer.

In Figs. 10 'to 13 is illustrated a modified zonstruetion of the gun, in which the retention of the closed breech-bolt when. moved back by the exploding gases is not effected by a special stop-lug 'm, actuated from the trigger, but by the hammer head hi of the hammer under the action of the lock-spring 'r. This resultis obtained by omitting the catch-flange h and tongue 72,2 of the hammer Jr and also the regulator k, so that the hammer 71. remains under constant tension of the spring r. The spring 1' bears with the one extremity r against the projection h of the hammerjz, while with the second extremity m lt bears against'the pressure-thumb i of thetrigger i, so that the spring 1" is free to move toward both sides-that is to say, a

pressure or resistance exerted upon one side is counterbalanced on the-other side. When the trigger 2' is under the tension of the main spring 'r, the freeextremity r of' the said spring presses against the projection lbs of thehammer h and turns the same upward on its pivot h, so that the hammer-head h is pressed toward the lower side of the receiver c, or it may snap into a cavity of the same in front of the inclined surface 0 By pressing on the trigger 'L the hammer-- head h is brought to full-cock. (See the position sh'own in'Fig. 11.) By the-recoil the barrel b, receiver 0, and breech-bolt (l are forced backward. The inclined surface pushes the hammer h backward at the same time, whereby the lock-spring r is placed under tension. (See Fig. 12.) As the trigger oders no resistance-the spring '1' forcesthe hammerh forward, and the hammer-head h snaps in front of the inclined surface c of the receiver 0 and prevents it from moving forward. (See the position shown in Fig. 1,3.) When the trigger-.2 is released'and arrives at the end of its return movement in its cocked" position, the hammer-head h of the hammer is released, so that the receiver 0 and the breech-bolt d move forward. of the hammer .h is alsoe'ifeeted bythe main spring 1', whichlatter, with its enlarged part 1", Figs. 15 and 16, engages behind the tapering projection h of the hammer 71.. When the trigger is released, at first the free end 1' of the spring 1' presses against the pressuret umb 'i". of the trigger i, and when the latter The releasing has arrived nearly at the end of its rearward 7 movement the enlarged spring part 4 presses against the projection It, effecting the turning of the hammer about its pivot 71. in the direction shown-by the arrow, (see Fig. 13,) and also effecting a disengaging of the hammer-head h. U

Owing to the forcible action of the exploding gases the hammer It would be thrown back so far that the same could not return to its former position only when the casing had al- --ready e oved forward, and it was hence nee-" essary to provide means to prevent this excessive backward movement. This means consists of aprojeetion r on that side of the mainspring 1 toward the hammer 71, against which projection r the surface h of the hammer is adapted to bear. device is shown in Fig. 12, and is also illustrated for the sake of elearness on an enlarged scale in Fig. 1%.

By beveling the pressure-thumb i of the trigger i on the side i opposite the end-r of' the mainspring 1, (see Figs. '17 to 19,) so that the spring 1' is moved downward toward the rear wall of the frame, the result will be This position of the 4 ping position of sure-thumb i it I By the closing of the 4 I -e1-e,2eo'

that assoon as the'trigger reaches the peeltion shown in Fig. 11 in relation to thepres slides on the inclined surface w Supposing the trigger 'i be held back by the finger of the operator, then as the finger cannot be moved as-quickly as the parts of the lock mechanism and the, breech-bolt are moved by the exploding gases the hammer it will successively occupy the following positions: Fig. 10, the cocked position; Fig. 1 1, the position at the momcnt'of firing; Eigs. ,1 2 and 14:, the position at the end of the recoil movement, limited by the lug or projection 7' and, finally, as shown in Fig. 13, the stopthe receiver. The rearward movement ot'thc spring end r ,-so that the same-bears again upon the pressure-thumb 2' is eifected by the latter itself, as the bevelsurface i Figs. 18 and 19, on the fore endof the pressure-thumb bears under the'projection T when the trigger t is turned and .lifts the projection '1 so that the spring '1' again arrives .i n its normal position, Fig. 10.

barrel while in backward position the powder gases are forced, as

' before stated, to discharge at the front of the barrel, so that a fouling of the breech-bolt,

850., is prevented and'the firearm remainsclean'and ready for firing, even after a very. great number of shots. The construction cle-v scribed may be employed for all kinds of firearms, and the form, size, and the internal conrecoil, of a bar and struction of the barrel, whether rifled or not,

the hammer, y

In testimony whereof I sign, this specification in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

means for simultaneously releasing and returning the receiver and breech bolt to the firing position, substantially as set forth.

2. In recoil-operated firearms, the combination of a movable receiver and a movable breech-bolt, simultaneously operated by the pivoted stop-lug operated by the trigger for retaining the receiver in its rear ward position, a beveled or inclined'portion on the receiver adapted to engage the head of the hammer, and means for releasing and returning thegeceiver andbree'chbolasubstantially as set forth. j'

3. In recoil-operated firearms, the combination with a movable receiver, and movable breech-bolt, simultaneously operated by the recoil,.of adraw-bar connected with the.

breechbolt and provided with a notch, a stopspring for engaging the notch of said draw- I holding the breech-bolt at the limit of its rearward movement, means for retaining the receiver ata point in advance of the limit of its rearward movement, and means for simultaneously releasing-and returning thereceiver and the breech-bolt to firing position, substantially as set forth.

4. In recoiloperatedfirearms, the combination with a movable receiver and a movable breech-bolt, simultaneously operated by the recoil, said receiver being provided with a beveled lug, of ahammer having a hammerhead adapted 'to engage with said lug, a

-double-lock spring adapted tov operate said hammer, atriggerand a pressure-thumb piv-- V oted to the trigger and against which one end of the lock-spring bears, said pressure-thumb being adapted-tube gradually released from substantially as set forth.

GEORGES ROTH. W itnesses:

WARK THEODOROVIZE, HARRY BELMONT. 

